Formwork​
Systems
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Components
The following include the major components of a formwork system
Here the Shoring system comprises of multiple bracing. When the height of the shoring system increases, there is a necessity to provide horizontal and inclined bracing to reduce the unsupported length
This is a single unit of a scaffolding system.
In developing countries, it is common to see such bamboo scaffolding around residential construction on a small scale.
Here the Shoring system comprises of multiple bracing. When the height of the shoring system increases, there is a necessity to provide horizontal and inclined bracing to reduce the unsupported length
Shoring and Scaffolding
Shores are members that support the concrete structures until they gain sufficient strength to become self supporting.
Scaffolding is a temporary working platform erected in and around construction area to provide area to support people and material.
Panels
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Panels receive the concrete and are responsible for the finish of the concrete. In most cases, the panel surface in contact with concrete(inner) is smooth while the outer is braced with beams and trusses for transferring the weight of the concrete along with reinforcement, equipment and laborers to the structure. The Panel size depends uon the material, design loads and dimensions of the member to be cast with the concrete.
The panels are connected to one another by means of nails, pins, bolts or wedges
Here, the inner panel is supported by vertical beams. These are in turn supported on horizontal beams.
Here, the inner panel is supported by vertical beams. These are in turn supported on horizontal beams.
Beams
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When freshly mixed concrete is placed on a panel of formwork, the concentrated load in that area is huge. In order to avoid local failure, the panels are supported on a grid of beams to transfer the load evenly. The beams in some cases are replaced by inverted trusses.
The load from these beams is then transferred to the shores/ struts.
In high rise construction, it is generally efficient to transport the form work vertically with the help of a tower crane.
In case of slip form, the hoisting occurs due to the movement of the frame on the guide rails run by motors.
In high rise construction, it is generally efficient to transport the form work vertically with the help of a tower crane.
Hoisting Mechanism
​​As soon as the pouring activity is finished and the concrete has sufficient strength to to carry structural loads, the formwork is stripped and moved to the next location.
For this movement, generally different hoisting mechanisms are used such as tower crane, Guide rails running on motors or even manual transportation in case of developing countries.